• Genetics
• Overweight or obesity
• Insulin resistance
• High levels of triglycerides in the blood
• Metabolic syndrome

NAFLD Signs and Symptoms

Generally, non alcoholic fatty liver disease is a silent disease with no indications. However, when the disease progresses some individuals may experience symptoms such as:

• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Abdominal discomfort
• Jaundice

Who is at Risk?

The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is common in people who are overweight or obese, have type 2 diabetes, or have high cholesterol. It is also more prevalent in older adults and those with a sedentary lifestyle. Additionally, individuals with a family history of liver disease may be at an increased risk for developing NAFLD.

How to Prevent NAFLD

There are several ways to prevent NAFLD and promote liver health. The following strategies can help reduce the risk of developing it:

• Eat healthy: Include foods that support liver health, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins
• Exercise daily: Aim for at least 25 minutes of exercise a day.
• Avoid processed foods: Processed foods are high in unhealthy fats, sugars, and additives that can contribute to liver damage.
• Manage chronic conditions such as diabetes and high cholesterol: These conditions can contribute to liver damage, so it is important to work with your healthcare provider to keep them under control.

How is NAFLD Diagnosed?

NAFLD has no symptoms. Generally, it is identified after the blood test results that higher-than-normal levels of liver enzymes.

Once NAFLD is suspected, the doctor goes for physical examinations like insulin resistance, and cirrhosis. In addition, the healthcare professional may recommend for

• Ultrasound to understand the fat in the liver
• Transient elastography to measure the liver stiffness
• Liver biopsy for accuracy

Treatment Options

Treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has no specific medications or specific treatments. Studies are currently being conducted to determine whether a specific diabetes medication or Vitamin E can be beneficial; however, further research is needed.

In addition, losing weight is commonly suggested for managing this condition. So, for some individuals weight loss surgery is recommended.

When to Consult a Doctor?

• It is important to consult a doctor if you are experiencing symptoms such as fatigue, abdominal pain, or yellowing of the skin and eyes.
• Regular check-ups and monitoring of liver function tests are recommended for those at risk of NAFLD. 

In conclusion, NAFLD is a serious but manageable condition with a significant impact on liver health. By altering the lifestyle and making healthier choices, individuals with NAFLD can improve their liver function and reduce the risk of developing more severe liver diseases such as cirrhosis or liver cancer. If you are at risk of developing inflammation or scarring in your liver, consult with your healthcare provider.

Use repellents, nets, and long-sleeved clothing. Eliminate stagnant water around your home, where mosquitoes breed. You can order your mosquito repellents and relevant healthcare products online.

5. Boost your immunity

Maintain a well-balanced, vitamin and mineral-rich diet. Consult your doctor before using vitamin C pills.

6. Keep surrounds clean

Maintain good drainage around your home. Keep your living area clean and dry to avoid mold growth and pest infestations.

7. Avoid wading into floodwater.

If you have to enter possibly polluted water, use protective gear and cover any cuts or abrasions.

8. Keep vaccines up to date.

If you plan to go to high-risk areas, consider getting vaccinated against influenza and other diseases such as typhoid every year.

9. Provide prompt medical attention.

If you experience any symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical attention. Early identification and treatment can help to avoid problems.

10. Stay informed.

Stay informed about illness outbreaks in your area and follow local health recommendations.

By being aware of these common diseases in rainy season and taking these precautions, you can significantly reduce your risk of becoming ill during the monsoon season. Remember, prevention is always better than cure. Stay attentive and healthy!

• Prompt Wound Care: Clean and cover wounds properly, especially if you have underlying health conditions.
• Maintain Good Hygiene: Wash hands regularly, especially before handling wounds or eating.
• Seek Medical Attention: If you notice signs of infection, such as increasing pain, redness, or swelling around a wound, seek medical advice immediately.

In the News: The recent outbreak of this bacterial infection in Japan has alarmed other countries, like Japan, India, etc. However, the medical experts in India have said that they did not anticipate the possibility of the disease outbreak in India in the near future. Conclusion Understanding necrotizing fasciitis involves dispelling misconceptions and recognizing the importance of early detection and treatment. While it is a serious condition that demands knowledge and awareness that help individuals to recognize symptoms early, get timely medical care, and improve their chances of a successful recovery.

Conclusion

Understanding necrotizing fasciitis involves dispelling misconceptions and recognizing the importance of early detection and treatment. While it is a serious condition that demands knowledge and awareness that help individuals to recognize symptoms early, get timely medical care, and improve their chances of a successful recovery.

• Having sex. 
• Pregnancy. 
• Kidney stones – A blockage in the urethral tract. 
• Enlarged prostate glands in men.  
• Shortage of fluids in the system.  
• Moisture in the genitals. 
• Unclean genital area. 

These may cause UTI.  

Symptoms 

There are a number of symptoms with which you can know an UTI. 

• Urge to urinate: You’ll constantly have a strong urge to urinate, that won’t go away. And you’ll be passing small amounts of urine. 
• Urine leakage: You’ll start losing control over your urine that starts leaking at times without your knowledge.  
• Urinary Retention: A condition where you’ll be unable to empty your bladder completely.  
• The smell and color: If the urinary tract is infected, the urine becomes cloudy and foul-smelling. The color too changes to red or dark pink or cola colored showing traces of blood in urine. 
• Pain or irritation: There will be an irritating sensation or even pain in a few severe cases while urinating.  

Adding to these, pain in the penis, extreme tiredness, chills, and nausea are also symptoms that may connect with urinary tract infections. 

Which Doctor to Consult? 

There has always been confusion about which doctor to visit for UTI. But there are different doctors who can treat UTIs. 

1. General Physicians:

Usually in India, the first consultation after over-the-counter medicines fail to work is a general physician. General physicians can prescribe antibiotics which can eliminate bacterial infections. They suggest consultation with urologists when they foresee complications.  

2. Urologist: 

Urologists are doctors who specialize in treating urinary diseases. When there are severe infections, urologists will be able to diagnose and treat it with better care and faster recovery. 

3. Gynecologists: 

As women face UTIs more often, they prefer visiting their gynecologists before a urologist. Gynecologists study pelvic health and treat the infections according to the history of the patient.  

4. Nephrologists: 

UTIs that spread from the bladder to kidney are severe and need to be looked at by Nephrologists who specialize in the care of kidneys.  

5. Pediatricians: 

As mentioned above, globally even 1 – 2% of children get UTI per year. Pediatricians can handle UTI in children with extra care.  

A consultation with these experts can help you diagnose and treat UTI in the path that is apt for your body condition. 

• Fever (102-104° F)
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Stomach pain
• Constipation or diarrhea

Some people might also develop rash known as “rose spots” which are small, red spots on the abdomen and chest. Other symptoms also include, bloody stools, nosebleeds, difficulty paying attention, cough, and loss of appetite.

Incubation Period for Typhoid Fever

The Incubation period of typhoid fever is the time between being exposed to the bacterium and the onset of symptoms, ranging anywhere from six to thirty days. The onset of this illness is insidious, with progressively increasing fatigue and a fever that rises from low-grade to 102°F–104°F from the third or fourth day of illness.

Diagnosis

Your healthcare provider will collect samples of bodily fluids and tissues to test for S. Typhi. They take a sample of your blood, poo, or pee, which will be examined under a microscope for the Salmonella typhi bacteria that causes the condition. Bacteria are not always identified the first time, so you may need to have a run of tests to detect the bacteria.

Typhoid fever can be more accurately diagnosed by testing a sample of bone marrow. But getting the sample is both time-consuming and painful, so it is usually only used when other tests are not clear. Your healthcare provider may also take X-rays of your lungs to detect any changes.

Treatment

Antibiotics are usually used to treat typhoid fever. Some newer types of bacteria can resist antibiotics, so your treatment will rely on what kind of typhoid you have and where you got sick. Antibiotics can also be used to treat paratyphoid fever.

If you have a serious illness or complications, you may require additional treatment. Hospitalization will be required.

Possible Complications

The most serious complication of typhoid fever is perforation of the gut, which can cause the contents of the intestine to leak into the abdominal cavity. It may also lead to intestinal bleeding. Other complications include:

• Myocarditis
• Pancreatitis
• Lung infections
• Peritonitis
• Meningitis

Prevention

Getting vaccinated against typhoid can reduce your risk of contracting the disease. If you plan to travel to a high-risk place, you should get the typhoid fever vaccine beforehand.

The two types of typhoid vaccines are:

• An Injected Vaccine administered one week prior to travel.
• An Oral Vaccine that comes in four pills that are taken every other day.

Other prevention tips include:

• Wash your hands often, especially after eating, cooking, bathing, and after using the loo.
• Eat foods that are completely cooked and prefer to drink boiled water.
• Avoid touching your face.
• Thoroughly wash the utensils before and after cooking.
• Avoid close contact with the infected person.

When to See a Doctor ?

If you think you have severe symptoms of typhoid, such as persistent vomiting, diarrhoea, or stomach upset, you should consult a general physician, particularly if you have recently returned from a trip or from abroad. The general physician will want to know if you have travelled to areas where the infection is prevalent, and he/she will diagnose and treat you accordingly. If you are unsure whether you have typhoid fever, you can consult with a general physician online and have all your queries clarified.