OTC vs. Prescription Drugs: The Indian Scenario
OTC vs Prescription, one of the many debates that never found a solution in India. Let us dive deep into some of the facts and differences.
What are OTC Drugs?
OTC medicine has its explanation right there in the full form – Over-the-counter. Back then in America, there were apothecaries, medical people who made medicine, and there were grocery stores, daily shops where regular medicine was sold. And unlike today, grocery stores back in the day had a counter where you would give a list or just say what you need and literally get it over the counter. These stores are still there in India and we call it: Kiranne ke dukkan, Dinasi Angadi, Maligai kadai, Palacharakkukada, and many more.
But we don’t usually see medicine being sold in grocery stores in India. This is because, though OTC had been made legal by August 2023, it has not been regulated yet. You could easily get a cetirizine, but the casual purchase here stands with the wisdom of a pharmacist. The government has been mulling over OTC for a very long time and recently in West Bengal, the government has banned selling of anti-cold OTC drugs for kids below 4 years as the drug was over-used by the patients. And still, the government is mulling over it.
What are Prescription Drugs?
Prescription drugs are medicines that were officially prescribed by registered medical practitioners. The universal symbol for prescription is Rx. Prescription drugs are usually powerful and are consumed under safe dosages. In a few cases prescription drugs require constant pampering from a doctor towards a patient. In such cases OTC can be helpful and reduce a big burden on the doctors.
Although OTC drugs have proved to hold a positive response from consumers around the globe, here are reasons why regulating OTC has been hard in India.
The Indian Reasons:
- Usage: Indians tend to toss pills like some protein candies till they are perfectly alright. This is extremely dangerous even with OTC tablets. This is why a prescription by a doctor is needed. Prescribed drugs come with an insist on the usage of the drugs and it is prescribed in accordance with the condition of the patient.
- Time: In India, we never find time to visit the hospital until something is really serious. So just to save time, we take up a few non-prescriptions that we fell in love with! Caring CALPOL. Dashing DOLO. Yes, we love them unconditionally that every household has a strip.
- Access: For a country that hasn’t yet organized OTC, purchasing these tablets from a retail pharmacy is easier for people than visiting a doctor. When the need arises, every mother in the society becomes a pharmacist and every father becomes a medical practitioner!
- Safety: A prescription by a doctor is more powerful and safe than OTC medicine. And powerful medications are never sold as over-the-counter drugs ensuring the safety of consumers. People must understand this and consider visiting a doctor more than non-prescription drugs.
- Affordability: India with the highest population in the world, does not even hold a place above small countries like Brazil and Spain in global pharmaceutical market share. This is because OTC drugs are on an average 5 times cheaper than prescription drugs.
- Share a drug: Prescription medicine is prescribed for one particular individual by thoroughly understanding the medical condition of the patient. In the case of non-prescription drugs, they are usually shared with the whole family. The OTC drugs that are advised not to be shared are nasal spray, eye drops, and ear drops.
- Educating the mass: Countries use different methods to educate their population from purchasing OTC medicines online and offline to properly disposing them. Whereas in India, the wrong usage of OTC drugs is already uncontrollable.
- Indian parents want their children, grandchildren, great grandchildren, the drunkard uncle’s niece, and the toddler next door to become a doctor, and they decide never to visit one. The irony though!
The above-mentioned differences help us understand how hard it can be for India to regulate OTC drugs. India, advancing with e-prescriptions and online medicine purchase, must act now to organize and regulate OTC drugs to ensure the safety of the consumers.
Tinnitus, commonly called ringing in the ears, is an illness that affects many people globally. For some, it is a very minor inconvenience, while for others, it affects the quality of their lives. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and available tinnitus treatment options is essential for managing this condition effectively.
What is Tinnitus?
Tinnitus is a perception of noise or ringing in the ears with no external sound. It could manifest as a hissing, clicking, buzzing, or whistling sound. The frequency and severity of tinnitus vary from person to person. While it is not a disease, it often signals an underlying issue that requires attention and proper tinnitus treatment.
Tinnitus Causes
Tinnitus can result from various factors, including:
- Hearing Loss: One of the most common causes of tinnitus is age-related hearing loss. The tiny hair cells in the inner ear get damaged over time, leading to hearing impairment and triggering tinnitus.
- Exposure to Loud Noise: Frequent exposure to loud sounds, such as concerts, construction sites, or personal audio devices at high volume, can lead to noise-induced hearing loss, resulting in tinnitus.
- Earwax Buildup: An excessive earwax buildup can block the ear canal, causing irritation and triggering tinnitus symptoms.
- Ear Infections and Blockages: Ear infections, fluid buildup, or foreign objects lodged in the ear can contribute to tinnitus. Proper medical evaluation and tinnitus treatment are essential in such cases.
- Medications: Certain medications, such as antibiotics, diuretics, and high doses of aspirin, can cause tinnitus as a side effect. If you suspect medication-induced tinnitus, consult a doctor for alternative options.
- Medical Conditions: Underlying health conditions like Meniere’s disease, high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes can also be linked to tinnitus. Proper diagnosis is crucial for effective tinnitus treatment.
Tinnitus Symptoms
The primary symptom of tinnitus is hearing an internal sound that others cannot hear. The sound can be:
- Continuous or intermittent
- High-pitched or low-pitched
- Present in one or both ears
- Accompanied by hearing loss or dizziness
In severe cases, tinnitus can interfere with concentration, sleep, and daily activities, making tinnitus treatment necessary.
Tinnitus Treatment Options
Even though there is no cure for tinnitus, several options will help treat the condition. The following are a few common approaches to managing tinnitus:
- Hearing Aids
- Sound Therapy
- Cognitive behavioral therapy
- Lifestyle changes
- Medicines and supplements
- Tinnitus retraining therapy
- Home remedies
When to Consult a Doctor?
If the tinnitus condition remains or worsens, accompanied by symptoms like hearing loss, dizziness, or pain, consult your doctor immediately. An ENT specialist or audiologist can quickly diagnose and help get tinnitus treated effectively.
Final Takeaways
Tinnitus can be irritating and disruptive, but it can be easily managed with the proper treatment approach. From sound therapies and lifestyle changes to medical treatments, there are many options to recover from it. If you or someone you know is struggling with tinnitus, the best action is to consult a healthcare professional for a personalized treatment plan.
1st Apr, 2025
Motherhood is always seen and portrayed as a very happy and joyous experience that is filled with excitement and love. However, for a few mothers, the reality could be quite different. Postpartum depression is a serious health issue that affects a lot of women worldwide. Unfortunately, it does have a few misconceptions that often stop women from getting it treated. Now, in this blog let us debunk a few myths and misconceptions about postpartum to build awareness and understanding on the illness.
Myth 1: Postpartum Depression is the Same as Baby Blues
Fact: While both postpartum depression and baby blues occur after childbirth, they are not the same. Baby blues usually last for a few days to two weeks and involve mild mood swings, irritability, and anxiety. Postpartum depression, on the other hand, is more severe, persistent, and can last for months if untreated. Symptoms of postpartum depression include intense sadness, extreme fatigue, loss of interest in daily activities, and even thoughts of self-harm or harming the baby.
Myth 2: Postpartum Depression Happens Immediately After Birth
Fact: Many believe postpartum depression occurs right after childbirth, but symptoms can develop anytime within the first year postpartum. Some mothers may start experiencing postpartum depression weeks or even months after delivery. This delayed onset can make it harder to recognize, emphasizing the need for continuous mental health check-ups.
Myth 3: Only Women Experience Postpartum Depression
Fact: While postpartum depression is more commonly associated with new mothers, fathers can also experience it. Paternal postpartum depression affects around 10% of new fathers, often due to hormonal changes, lack of sleep, financial stress, or the pressure of new responsibilities. It’s crucial to recognize that postpartum depression is not limited to women and to ensure support is available for both parents.
Myth 4: Breastfeeding Prevents Postpartum Depression
Fact: While breastfeeding has numerous benefits for both mother and baby, it is not a guaranteed way to prevent postpartum depression. Some mothers find breastfeeding challenging, which can lead to increased stress and anxiety. Additionally, hormonal fluctuations after birth play a significant role in postpartum depression, making it possible for breastfeeding mothers to still experience it. The key is to seek support and not feel guilty if breastfeeding is difficult.
Myth 5: Postpartum Depression Means You Don’t Love Your Baby
Fact: One of the most harmful myths about postpartum depression is that it indicates a lack of love for the baby. Postpartum depression is a mental health condition that affects mood, energy levels, and emotional responses. Many mothers with postpartum depression deeply love their babies but struggle to connect emotionally due to overwhelming sadness and fatigue. Seeking treatment can help mothers rebuild that emotional connection.
Conclusion
Postpartum depression is indeed a serious condition that needs understanding, awareness, and treatment. Just like other health conditions, postpartum depression also has a few myths that have been believed by people globally. So, debunking these myths would have been helpful for all the new mothers out there to hope up and get the support they need. If you are someone you are facing postpartum depression, never hesitate to seek professional help. Remember, this is treatable, and recovery is indeed easy with the right care and support. So, try to spread awareness as much as possible and create a better understanding environment.
29th Mar, 2025
A lipoma is a common, benign (non-cancerous) fatty lump that forms under the skin. While generally harmless, some lipomas can become bothersome or require removal. This blog will explore lipoma symptoms, causes, and treatment options to help you better understand this condition.
What is Lipoma?
A lipoma is a gradually growing lump of fat that develops between the skin and the muscle layer. It is moveable, soft, and painless. Even though lipoma can be seen anywhere on the body, it is more likely to be found on the shoulders, arms, neck, and thighs.
How is Lipoma Diagnosed?
A doctor can usually diagnose lipoma through proper physical examination. Also, they will recommend additional tests if they are needed. A few standard tests to diagnose lipoma include:
- Ultrasound: Helps determine the composition of the lump.
- MRI or CT scan: Provides detailed imaging to rule out other growths.
- Biopsy: A small tissue sample may be taken if malignancy is suspected.
Lipoma Symptoms
Recognizing lipoma symptoms is crucial for early identification and management. The most common symptoms include:
- Soft, doughy lump: Lipomas feel soft and quickly move under the skin.
- Painless growth: Most lipomas do not cause pain unless they press on nerves or contain blood vessels.
- Slow growth: Lipomas develop gradually over time.
- Size variations: They usually range between 2-5 cm but can grow larger.
- Located under the skin: Lipoma generally forms beneath the skin's surface.
If you notice a painful, growing rapidly, or hard lump, consult a healthcare professional to rule out other conditions.
What Causes Lipoma?
The exact causes of lipomas remain unclear, but several factors contribute to their development:
- Genetics: A family history of lipomas increases the risk.
- Injury or Trauma: Some studies suggest lipomas may develop at injury sites.
- Age Factor: Lipomas are most common in adults between 40-60 years old.
- Medical Conditions: Certain disorders, like Madelung's disease and adipose dolorosa, can cause multiple lipomas.
- Metabolic Factors: Irregular fat metabolism might play a role.
Although lipomas are not cancerous, monitoring their growth and consult a doctor is essential.
Effective Treatment Options for Lipoma
Most lipomas do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort, pain, or cosmetic concerns. Here are the best lipoma treatment options:
- Surgical Removal
- Liposuction
- Steroid Injections
- Home Remedies & Lifestyle Management
When to see a doctor?
You should consult a doctor in the following cases:
- If the lump grows rapidly and changes in color
- If the pain increases in time
- It affects functioning or movements
- If you are unsure you have lipoma or feel like you have some other severe symptoms
Key Takeaway
Lipomas are a very common and harmless fatty lump that doesn't require serious treatments. If you feel like you have a lipoma, a simple medical intervention like liposuction or surgery could get it treated. It may cause pain, grow excessively, or become bothersome; in any of these cases, ensure that you visit a doctor and get it treated.
24th Mar, 2025
What are Blood Sugar Spikes?
Blood sugar spikes occur primarily when blood glucose levels increase after eating foods high in carbohydrates. These fluctuations or spikes in blood sugar could be harmful over time, as they lead to insulin resistance and a high risk of diabetes.
Now, in this blog, let's learn a few important facts about blood sugar spikes, including their causes, symptoms, prevention, and management. Keep reading!
Blood Sugar Spikes: Causes
- High-Carb and Sugary Food Intake: Eating foods rich in carbohydrates and sugar is one of the most important causes of blood sugar spikes. Foods like sodas, desserts, pastries, and sweets can instantly break your body's glucose, leading to blood sugar spikes.
- Lack of Fiber Intake: Including more fiber-rich foods in your diet is essential to prevent blood sugar hikes. A diet low in fiber will cause a blood sugar spike, leading to unstable body glucose levels.
- Skipping Meals: It is never good to skip meals, as skipping meals can lead to blood sugar spikes as the body tries to compensate by using the stored glucose. So, ensure that you eat healthy and balanced food.
- Sedentary Lifestyle: Being physically inactive could also lead to frequent blood sugar spikes. Exercise regularly and keep your body moving to avoid these spikes.
- Poor Sleep and Stress: Inadequate sleep and chronic stress increase the chances of hormonal imbalances, which cause blood sugar spikes. This is when the body releases cortisol, leading to insulin resistance.
Blood Sugar Spike Prevention
- Choose more low-glycaemic index food items to help you control your blood sugar spikes. Legumes, whole grains, and non-starchy vegetables will be a great choice to prevent blood sugar spikes.
- Stay more hydrated. Keeping your body hydrated will support your metabolic functions and help prevent your body from blood sugar spikes. So, make sure to focus on body hydration.
- Eat a good balanced meal. Combining proteins, vitamins, minerals, and all the required nutrients in your balanced diet will keep your body prevented from blood sugar spikes.
- Stress management is crucial when it comes to blood sugar levels. Yoga, meditation, and deep breaths can help lower cortisol levels and manage blood sugar spikes effectively.
Blood Sugar Spikes: Tips to Control
- Monitor Your Blood Sugar Levels
- Consume Apple Cider Vinegar
- Include More Protein and Healthy Fats
- Eat Smaller, Frequent Meals
- Choose Smart Carbohydrates
- Get Quality Sleep
Final Thoughts
Blood sugar spikes could have very long-term effects on health if they are not properly managed. So, it is important to make mindful dietary choices, manage stress, engage in more physical activities, and monitor glucose levels. By doing all this, you are more likely to keep your blood sugar in control, avoid blood sugar spikes, and lead a healthy life.
19th Mar, 2025
Fistula is a serious health concern that many people are unaware of. It can occur in any part of the body and is often treatable with the right treatment option. So, it is important to be aware of the causes and symptoms of Fistula and seek prompt medical attention.
Now, let us get to understand what Fistula is, what causes it, and how it can be cured.
What is Fistula?
A Fistula is an abnormal connection between two body parts, such as an organ or blood vessel. It can develop in any part of the body but in most cases, the Fistula is around the anus. Fistulas are cured on their own, but some cases may need medical attention. Fistulas are categorized according to their location in the body. Here are some common types:
Types of Fistulas
· Anal Fistula: An abnormal tunnel forms between the inside of the anus and the surrounding skin. This is caused by infection or inflammation in the glands near the anus.
· Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula: An abnormal connection between an artery and a vein, often created surgically for dialysis treatment.
· Aortoenteric Fistula: A direct connection between the aorta (the body's largest artery) and the intestine, which can lead to serious complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding. These Fistulas are often caused by erosion of the aorta wall due to infection or inflammation.
· Vaginal Fistula: A vaginal Fistula is an abnormal connection between the vagina and another part of the body, such as the bladder, rectum, or intestines. This condition often results in the involuntary leakage of urine, and other fluids from the affected organ into the vagina.
Symptoms of Fistulas
The symptoms depend on the type of Fistula. However, common symptoms may include:
· Anal Fistula: Discomfort or pain around the anus or rectum, accompanied by swelling and redness in the area, and drainage of pus, stool, or blood near the anus.
· Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula: Inflammation near the Fistula, discoloration of the skin, visible bulging veins, and warmth in the affected skin area.
· Aortoenteric Fistula: Stomach cramps, vomiting with blood or a coffee ground-like appearance, and the presence of black stool or blood in the stool.
· Vaginal Fistula: Leakage of urine from the vagina, the release of air, stool, or pus from the vagina, and pain during intercourse.
Causes of Fistula
The following causes may increase your risk of getting a fistula:
· Infections
· Trauma
· Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
· Cancer
· Chronic Inflammation
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis of Fistula and treatment may involve some physical examination which include:
· Blood test or urine tests
· X-rays
· CT scans
· MRI
· Endoscopic Ultrasound
· Flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy
· Cystoscopy
· Bronchoscopy or endoscopy
· Angiogram
Treatment for a fistula depends on its type, location, severity, and underlying cause. The expert may suggest:
· Non-Invasive Treatment such as medication or lifestyle changes to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
· Invasive treatments like surgery may be necessary for more serious cases of fistulas that do not respond to conservative measures.
Conclusion
Fistulas can cause significant distress and discomfort, but with proper diagnosis and treatment, they can often be managed successfully. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and a combination of medical and surgical interventions are crucial for preventing complications and improving the quality of life for individuals affected by fistulas. If you suspect you may have a fistula or are experiencing any of the symptoms, consulting a doctor is very important for prompt care.
17th Mar, 2025
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