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Muscle, Bone and Joint Pain
7 Possible Causes for Foot and Ankle Pain: Prevention and Treatment
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Madhu Roopa M
17 Feb, 2024
12 Mins Read

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understanding-arthritis-symptoms-causes-and-types-all-you-need-to-know
Understanding Arthritis Symptoms, Causes, and Types: All You Need to Know

Arthritis is a tenderness and swelling of bone joints that comes with the symptoms of stiffness and joint pains that worsen with age. This illness causes significant damage to your bone joints gradually and weakens them. Keep reading to know more about arthritic symptoms, causes, types, etc. Let's get this started!

What is Arthritis?

Arthritis refers to more than one hundred rheumatic illnesses and conditions that weaken bone joints. These conditions create swelling, stiffness, aching, and pain around almost every bone joint. "Arthritis" means joint inflammation, affecting ligaments and tendons around the joint.

Arthritis Symptoms

The arthritis symptoms vary based on the type, age, and body condition. The following are a few common arthritis symptoms for you to know:

  • Pain: Arthritis causes constant pain in your bone joints, or it may be gone for some time and pain again.
  • Swelling: the skin covering the affected joint may be red and swollen in some types of arthritis. Swelling is one of the prevalent arthritis symptoms involving many people, and the redness can be less evident in people with dark skin tones.
  • Stiffness: Stiffness is a very typical symptom that most likely happens when you wake in the morning or after sitting on a chain or in the car for a bit longer. In the case of a few types of arthritis, stiffness would also occur after an exercise session.
  • Difficulty in moving joints: It is a fundamental arthritis symptom when you cannot move your joints or get up from your chair without pain.

These are a few common arthritis symptoms, and based on the type of arthritis, there are a few more, such as joint deformity, warmth, and tenderness.

What Causes Arthritis?

The significant causes of arthritis are unknown. The researchers are working to know if genetics and lifestyle play a role in the development of arthritis. However, there are a few things that can increase the risk of having arthritis:

  • Age: Over time, the joints can become damaged, which makes age a significant factor in arthritis.
  • Sex: Arthritis, most of the types seem more common in women, except for gout.
  • Genes: A few types of arthritis run in the family genes. Types like rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and lupus are connected to specific genes.
  • Injuries: At times, injuries could also cause a few joint damage.
  • Overweight: Weight-bearing joints get extra pressure and increase the chances of arthritis.
  • Work: Sitting in your workspace for too long or heavy lifting could stress the joints, gradually leading to arthritis, specifically osteoarthritis.


Arthritis Types

There are over one hundred kinds of arthritis. Here are some of the most popular types:

  • Wear and tear arthritis is called osteoarthritis.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs when the immune system affects your joints by accident.
  • People with gout get sharp uric acid crystals in their joints because of arthritis.
  • Arthritis that damages joints near your lower back is called ankylosing spondylitis.
  • Psoriatic arthritis is a type of arthritis that people with psoriasis have.
  • Junior arthritis is arthritis in children and teenagers younger than 16 years old.

Depending on the kind of arthritis you have, it can either degrade (wear away) the natural tissue in your joint or make it swell up. Some types of arthritis cause swelling, which causes the cells to break down.

Whom to consult for Arthritis?

If you have joint pain or other signs that make you nervous, you should first talk to your primary care doctor. They may refer you to a Rheumatologist or an Orthopaedic doctor specialized in treating and diagnosing arthritis and other diseases affecting joints, muscles, and bones.

Conclusion

Diagnosing the illness as soon as possible and getting it treated will help manage arthritis efficiently. Choosing the proper treatment will help prevent any tissue damage caused by arthritis. Always stay connected to your doctor, and make sure to keep your lifestyle comfortable.

Muscle, Bone and Joint Pain
15th Nov, 2024
12 Mins Read
world-arthritis-day-2024-understanding-causes-types-prevention
World Arthritis Day 2024: Understanding Causes, Types & Prevention

World arthritis day, observed on October 12 every year, is an excellent global initiative focused on building more awareness about early diagnosis and efficient management. In 2024, as we continue to expose the growing concerns about arthritis, it is important to shed more light on the advanced innovations and findings regarding its types, causes, and preventive measures as well. In the current scenario, arthritis affects millions of people globally, and while there is zero clue, early diagnosis could make a great difference in managing the symptoms and quality of life.

What is Arthritis?

Arthritis is not just a single disease, but a term used to describe a few types of joint-related conditions which cause disabilities. This affects people form all age group, butt he risk grows gradually with our age. The early symptoms could range from a very mild discomfort to severe pain.

Causes of Arthritis

The causes of arthritis change depending on the types. But the following are a few most common causes of arthritis:

  • Genetic Factors
  • Lifestyle & Obesity
  • Environmental Triggers
  • Diet and Inflammation
  • Aging

Types of Arthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA): The most prevalent form, OA results from the wear and tear of joint cartilage, primarily affecting older adults but also those with joint injuries or obesity.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): An autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks healthy joint tissue, causing inflammation, pain, and swelling. RA often affects multiple joints symmetrically (both sides of the body).

Psoriatic Arthritis: Associated with psoriasis, this type of arthritis causes joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, often in people with the skin condition.

Gout: A form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by sudden and severe pain, often in the big toe, due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints.

Juvenile Arthritis: This refers to arthritis that affects children and adolescents, causing pain, swelling, and inflammation in the joints.

Prevention and Management

Even though there is a lot of ways to cure arthritis, the importance has shifted towards prevention and management. Here are a few ways to prevent and manage arthritis efficiently:

  • Maintain a Healthy Weight
  • Stay Active
  • Eat a Balanced Diet
  • Protect Your Joints
  • Early Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Stay Informed About New Therapies

The Future of Arthritis Management

With the rising prevalence of arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis due to aging populations and lifestyle factors, research and treatment options are expanding. In 2024, regenerative medicine and cartilage repair therapies are at the forefront of medical advancements. These cutting-edge treatments, though still in development, offer hope for better management of arthritis and even potential prevention strategies.

Conclusion

World Arthritis Day 2024 provides an opportunity to raise awareness about this debilitating condition and educate people about the importance of early intervention. By understanding the causes, types, and preventive measures, we can empower individuals to take control of their joint health and lead a more active, pain-free life. Stay informed, stay proactive, and spread the word this World Arthritis Day!

 

Muscle, Bone and Joint Pain
10th Oct, 2024
12 Mins Read
calcium-deficiency-symptoms-causes-and-treatment
Calcium Deficiency: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Calcium is a crucial mineral that plays a vital role in maintaining strong bones, regulating muscle function, and supporting various bodily processes. When your body doesn't get enough calcium, it can lead to a condition known as calcium deficiency or hypocalcemia. In this blog post, we'll explore calcium symptoms, calcium deficiency causes, and calcium deficiency treatment options.

Calcium Deficiency Symptoms

Recognizing the signs of calcium deficiency is essential for early intervention. Some common calcium deficiency symptoms include:

  • Muscle cramps and spasms
  • Numbness and tingling in the fingers, toes, and around the mouth
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Dry, rough skin
  • Brittle nails
  • Tooth decay
  • Osteoporosis (in severe cases)
  • Irregular heartbeat
  • Depression and mood changes
  • Difficulty concentrating

It's important to note that these calcium deficiency symptoms can be subtle at first and may worsen over time if left untreated.


Calcium Deficiency Causes

Understanding the root causes of calcium deficiency can help prevent its occurrence. Some common calcium deficiency causes include:

  1. Inadequate dietary intake: Not consuming enough calcium-rich foods like dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods.
  2. Poor calcium absorption: Certain medical conditions, such as celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease, can interfere with calcium absorption.
  3. Vitamin D deficiency: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, and a lack of it can lead to calcium deficiency.
  4. Hormonal imbalances: Conditions affecting the parathyroid gland can disrupt calcium regulation in the body.
  5. Certain medications: Some drugs, like corticosteroids and proton pump inhibitors, can affect calcium absorption or increase calcium excretion.
  6. Excessive sodium intake: High sodium consumption can increase calcium excretion through urine.
  7. Phosphate imbalance: Too much phosphate in the diet can interfere with calcium absorption.
  8. Pregnancy and lactation: Increased calcium demands during these periods can lead to deficiency if not properly managed.


Calcium Deficiency Treatment

Addressing calcium deficiency involves a combination of dietary changes, supplementation, and lifestyle modifications. Here are some effective calcium deficiency treatment options:

1. Dietary changes:

  • Increase consumption of calcium-rich foods like dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods.
  • Include vitamin D-rich foods to improve calcium absorption.

2. Calcium supplements:

3. Vitamin D supplementation:

  • Ensure adequate vitamin D intake through supplements or increased sun exposure.

4. Address underlying medical conditions:

  • Treat any hormonal imbalances or digestive disorders that may be contributing to calcium deficiency.

5. Medication adjustments:

  • Work with your doctor to adjust medications that may be affecting calcium levels.

6. Lifestyle modifications:

  • Reduce sodium intake to minimize calcium loss through urine.
  • Engage in weight-bearing exercises to promote bone health.

7. Regular monitoring:

  • Schedule follow-up appointments to track calcium levels and adjust treatment as needed.

8. Hormone replacement therapy:

  • In cases of severe deficiency due to hormonal imbalances, hormone replacement may be necessary.


Remember, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new calcium deficiency treatment regimen. They can provide personalized advice based on your specific needs and medical history.

By understanding calcium deficiency symptoms, identifying potential calcium deficiency causes, and implementing appropriate calcium deficiency treatment strategies, you can maintain optimal calcium levels and support your overall health and well-being.



Muscle, Bone and Joint Pain
4th Oct, 2024
12 Mins Read
osteoporosis-symptoms-causes-diagnosis-and-treatment
Osteoporosis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Osteoporosis, also known as the "silent disease," is a condition in which bones are weakened, rendering them fragile and prone to fractures. This disorder affects millions of people worldwide, primarily older adults, and can substantially impact their overall well-being and quality of life. Understanding the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options for osteoporosis is critical for successful management and prevention of problems. 

What is Osteoporosis? 

Osteoporosis is a condition that causes bone weakness. Your bones will become less thick and slender than they normally would be. People with osteoporosis are more prone to have fractured bones (bone fractures).  Your bones are normally dense and strong enough to support your weight. As you age, your bones lose density and the ability to regrow (remodel) themselves. Osteoporosis causes bones to be significantly more fragile and brittle than they ought to be. 

Osteoporosis Symptoms 

There are usually no symptoms in the early stages of bone loss. However, once your bones become weakened by osteoporosis, you may experience the following indications and symptoms: 

  • Back discomfort is caused by a broken or collapsed bone in the spine. 
  • Loss of height over time. 
  • A stooping posture. 
  • A bone that breaks far more easily than expected. 

Causes of Osteoporosis  

Several factors affect the cause of osteoporosis, including: 

  • Age: Bone density normally decreases with age, which makes older people more likely to develop osteoporosis. 
  • Gender: Women are more likely to develop osteoporosis, particularly after menopause, when oestrogen levels decline. 
  • Hormonal changes: Menopause, low testosterone levels in men, and overactive thyroid glands can all result in bone loss. 
  • Nutritional deficiencies: A lack of calcium and vitamin D, which are needed for bone health, can raise the risk of osteoporosis. 
  • Lifestyle factors: Lack of exercise, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and a calcium and vitamin D deficient diet can all contribute to bone loss. 
  • Medical conditions: Diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, and cancer can all have an impact on bone density. 
  • Medications: Long-term usage of corticosteroids, as well as certain drugs used to treat cancer, seizures, or gastric reflux, might cause bone weakness. 

Osteoporosis Diagnosis 

A healthcare provider uses a bone density test to diagnose osteoporosis. A bone density test is an imaging examination that determines the strength of your bones. It employs X-rays to determine how much calcium and other minerals are present in your bones. 

DEXA scans, DXA scans, or bone density scans are all terms used by healthcare providers to describe bone density testing. A bone density test employs low-level X-rays to determine the density and mineral content of your bones.  

Checking for changes in bone density is the best technique to detect osteoporosis before it causes a fracture. If you have a family history of osteoporosis, are over the age of 50, or have osteopenia, your doctor may recommend that you have frequent bone density testing. 


Osteoporosis and Treatment 

Treatment for osteoporosis aims to prevent fractures, reduce bone loss, and improve bone density. Treatment options might involve the following: 

  • Exercise: Regular exercise can help strengthen your bones. Weight-bearing exercise may be recommended by your physician to help you develop your muscles and improve your balance. Walking, yoga, Pilates, and tai chi are examples of exercises that require your body to work against gravity and can enhance your strength and balance without placing too much strain on your bones.  
  • Vitamin and mineral supplements: You may require calcium or vitamin D supplements, either over the counter or prescribed. Your doctor will tell you which type you need, how frequently you should take them, and how much you should take. 

Muscle, Bone and Joint Pain
1st Mar, 2024
15 Mins Read
back-pain-symptoms-causes-diagnosis-and-treatment
Back Pain: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Back pain is a common issue that can impact individuals of all ages and cause disruptions to daily activities, reducing overall well-being. Back pain can take on various forms, ranging from a slight discomfort to a severe one. The origins of this issue are diverse, encompassing everything from everyday concerns like posture to more intricate factors such as underlying medical conditions.

In this article, we will look at the complexities of back pain, including its causes, symptoms, and effective methods for finding relief. So, without any delay let us get started!

What is Back Pain?

Back pain is a common condition that can cause varying levels of physical discomfort along the spine or back. There are several factors that can contribute to this condition, including muscle strain, poor posture, herniated discs, or underlying medical conditions such as arthritis or osteoporosis. Sometimes people experience pain in the lower back called lower back pain which can radiate down the legs and limit mobility.

The Common Causes of Back Pain

Back pain is a common sign of many different medical conditions. However, its exact origins remain unclear. In most cases, pain starts in the joints, ligaments, and muscles. The following are some of the common causes of back pain:

  • Physical damage by heavy lifting
  • Improper body alignment due to sedentary lifestyle
  • Muscle tension due to excess body weight or obesity
  • Depression
  • Anxiety

In some cases, back pain can be associated with certain health conditions, including:

  • Arthritis
  • Sciatica
  • Spinal stenosis
  • Osteoporosis

Symptoms of Back Pain

The symptoms of back pain can vary based on the underlying causes and the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:

  • Stiffness
  • Limited range of motion
  • Difficulty performing daily activities
  • Persistent lower back pain

If you experience back pain for more than a week and it spreads down one or both legs, particularly if it extends below the knee, consult with doctors as soon as possible.

Diagnosis

The orthopaedic doctor will gather all the necessary information by interviewing you about your symptoms, health history, and lifestyle to diagnose your back pain. However, in some cases, imaging tests may be necessary to diagnose the cause of back pain. These imaging tests include:

  • X-rays
  • MRI
  • CT scans
  • Bone scan
  • EMGs

Treatment For Back Pain

Over-the-counter pain relievers can help reduce pain and inflammation. In severe cases, doctors may prescribe muscle relaxants or opioids, but these should be used cautiously due to potential side effects and addiction risks. Here are some potential treatments:


Physical therapy:

A physiotherapist can provide expert guidance on exercises and stretches that target muscle strength, flexibility improvement, and posture correction. These interventions can effectively alleviate pain and reduce the likelihood of its recurrence.


Cortisone injections:

These injections are highly effective in rapidly reducing inflammation and alleviating pain, particularly for conditions such as herniated discs or spinal stenosis.


Botox:

Botox injections have the ability to temporarily paralyze muscles, which can effectively alleviate spasms and provide relief, especially for individuals dealing with chronic conditions such as muscle spasms or dystonia.


Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT):   

CBT can assist in gaining insight and control over the emotional and psychological aspects that contribute to your pain. It provides valuable guidance on managing stress and finding relief through coping strategies and relaxation techniques.

Surgery:

Surgery is usually recommended for more severe cases that do not respond to alternative treatments or involve structural issues such as herniated discs. Procedures such as spinal fusion or laminectomy are performed to relieve nerve pressure or stabilize the spine.

The effectiveness of each treatment varies depending on the underlying cause and individual response. Therefore, it is essential to get a consultation from a healthcare professional to determine the most suitable approach for your specific condition and overall well-being.


Muscle, Bone and Joint Pain
6th Feb, 2024
12 Mins Read